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1
Catalog
IRIS Plus 2020-2 : Le secteur audiovisuel européen aux temps de la COVID-19 (2020)
Avec son analyse comparative des approches tirées du contexte de la crise COVID-19, cet IRIS Plus aide le lecteur à comprendre la diversité des approches, des intérêts et des mesures prises dans le secteur audiovisuel, également la diversité des entités décisionnaires.
Nous sommes en juin 2020 et le secteur audiovisuel européen vient tout juste de sortir de la crise de la COVID-19 ; bien qu’une évaluation complète des effets à court et à long terme de cette crise reste prématurée, une première série d’observations peut néanmoins être faite. Les effets immédiats de la crise ont été multiples et ont touché presque toutes les principales branches du secteur audiovisuel, allant de l’interruption des projets de production en cours à la fermeture des salles de cinéma. De nombreuses mesures d’urgence ont été prises pour faire face à ces répercussions immédiates, mais certaines d’entre elles, comme celles relatives à l’obtention de prêts, se limiteront probablement, par leur nature même, à en différer l’impact.
Nous sommes en juin 2020 et le secteur audiovisuel européen vient tout juste de sortir de la crise de la COVID-19 ; bien qu’une évaluation complète des effets à court et à long terme de cette crise reste prématurée, une première série d’observations peut néanmoins être faite. Les effets immédiats de la crise ont été multiples et ont touché presque toutes les principales branches du secteur audiovisuel, allant de l’interruption des projets de production en cours à la fermeture des salles de cinéma. De nombreuses mesures d’urgence ont été prises pour faire face à ces répercussions immédiates, mais certaines d’entre elles, comme celles relatives à l’obtention de prêts, se limiteront probablement, par leur nature même, à en différer l’impact.
Résumé
1.Le contexte : une crise peut en cacher une autre
Graphiques
Graphique 1. Répartition des principaux domaines concernés par secteur (en nombre de mesures et en pourcentages)
Graphique 2. Répartition du principal type de mesures par secteur (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 3. Répartition des domaines concernés en fonction du nombre de mesures prises par les gouvernements et les parlements (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 4. Répartition des mesures gouvernementales et parlementaires par type de mesures prises (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 5. Répartition des mesures prises par les organismes d’aide au cinéma par type de mesures (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 6. Assouplissement des exigences et des délais - répartition par domaine concerné (en nombre de mesures et en pourcentages)
Graphique 7. Répartition des mesures prises par les autorités de régulation nationales par type d’intervention (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 8. Répartition des mesures prises par les autorités de régulation nationales par domaine concerné (en fonction du nombre de mesures)
Graphique 9. Répartition des mesures prises par les sociétés de gestion collective par type de mesure
1.Le contexte : une crise peut en cacher une autre
1.1. Le paysage européen avant la crise de la COVID-19
1.2. Les conséquences immédiates de la crise
1.3. Les mesures d’urgence
1.4. Les effets différés de la crise du COVID-19
1.5. Le risque d’une crise systémique
1.6. L’outil de suivi des mesures relatives au COVID-19 dans le secteur de l’audiovisuel
1.6.1. La portée du projet
1.6.2. Les sources d’information
2.Les mesures prises par les organisations internationales et l’Unioneuropéenne
2.1. La liberté d’expression et d’information
2.1.1. Les Nations Unies
2.1.2. Le Conseil de l’Europe
2.1.3. Les éléments d’orientation sur la COVID-19 et la liberté des médias
2.1.4. L’Organisation pour la sécurité et la coopération en Europe (OSCE)
2.1.5. L’Union européenne
2.1.6. Le Groupe des régulateurs européens des services de médias audiovisuels (ERGA)
2.2. Les mesures d’aide
2.2.1. L’UNESCO
2.2.2. L’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE)
2.2.3. Le Conseil de l’Europe
2.2.4. L’Union européenne
2.2.5. Les mesures spécifiquement applicables aux secteurs cinématographique et audiovisuel
3.Vue d’ensemble des mesures nationales
3.1. Vue d’ensemble générale
3.1.1. Une grande variété de réponses par type d’organisation
3.1.2. Les principaux types de mesures par domaine concerné
3.1.3. Les aides aux artistes et aux créateurs
3.1.4. Les aides aux festivals et aux salles de cinéma
3.2. Les exemples nationaux des mesures prises par les organismes d’aide au cinéma
3.2.1. Les aides non spécifiques en faveur du secteur cinématographique et audiovisuel
3.2.2. Les aides aux entreprises et aux professionnels du secteur
3.2.3. Les aides à la production
3.2.4. Les aides à la distribution
3.2.5. Les aides aux exploitants de salles de cinéma
3.2.6. Les aides aux événements et festivals
3.3. Les exemples nationaux des mesures prises par les autorités de régulation nationales
3.3.1. L’assouplissement des exigences et des délais
3.3.2. Les aides en faveur de l’enseignement et de l’éducation aux médias
3.4. Les exemples nationaux des mesures prises par les sociétés de gestion collective
3.4.1. Les nouveaux fonds et subventions d’urgence
3.4.2. L’assouplissement des exigences et des délais, et le versement anticipé des aides
3.4.3. La création d’une ligne d’assistance téléphonique et d’une foire aux questions (FAQ)
4.Les initiatives prises par le secteur cinématographique et audiovisuel
4.1. Les initiatives intersectorielles
4.2. Le secteur de la production cinématographique et télévisuelle
4.3. Le secteur de la distribution
4.4. L’exploitation dans les salles de cinéma
4.5. Les festivals et récompenses cinématographiques
4.6. Les services de vidéo à la demande (VOD)
4.7. Le secteur de la radio-diffusion
4.7.1. Les initiatives prises par les radiodiffuseurs publics
4.7.2. Les initiatives prises par les radiodiffuseurs commerciaux
4.8. Les sociétés de gestion collective
5.Conclusion Graphiques
Graphique 1. Répartition des principaux domaines concernés par secteur (en nombre de mesures et en pourcentages)
Graphique 2. Répartition du principal type de mesures par secteur (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 3. Répartition des domaines concernés en fonction du nombre de mesures prises par les gouvernements et les parlements (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 4. Répartition des mesures gouvernementales et parlementaires par type de mesures prises (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 5. Répartition des mesures prises par les organismes d’aide au cinéma par type de mesures (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 6. Assouplissement des exigences et des délais - répartition par domaine concerné (en nombre de mesures et en pourcentages)
Graphique 7. Répartition des mesures prises par les autorités de régulation nationales par type d’intervention (en nombre de mesures)
Graphique 8. Répartition des mesures prises par les autorités de régulation nationales par domaine concerné (en fonction du nombre de mesures)
Graphique 9. Répartition des mesures prises par les sociétés de gestion collective par type de mesure
Avec son analyse comparative des approches tirées du contexte de la crise COVID-19, cet IRIS Plus aide le lecteur à comprendre la diversité des approches, des intérêts et des mesures prises dans le secteur audiovisuel, également la diversité des entités décisionnaires.
Nous sommes en juin 2020 et le secteur audiovisuel européen vient tout juste de sortir de la crise de la COVID-19 ; bien qu’une évaluation complète des effets à court et à long terme de cette crise reste prématurée, une première série d’observations peut néanmoins être faite. Les effets immédiats de la crise ont été multiples et ont touché presque toutes les principales branches du secteur audiovisuel, allant de l’interruption des projets de production en cours à la fermeture des salles de cinéma. De nombreuses mesures d’urgence ont été prises pour faire face à ces répercussions immédiates, mais certaines d’entre elles, comme celles relatives à l’obtention de prêts, se limiteront probablement, par leur nature même, à en différer l’impact.
Nous sommes en juin 2020 et le secteur audiovisuel européen vient tout juste de sortir de la crise de la COVID-19 ; bien qu’une évaluation complète des effets à court et à long terme de cette crise reste prématurée, une première série d’observations peut néanmoins être faite. Les effets immédiats de la crise ont été multiples et ont touché presque toutes les principales branches du secteur audiovisuel, allant de l’interruption des projets de production en cours à la fermeture des salles de cinéma. De nombreuses mesures d’urgence ont été prises pour faire face à ces répercussions immédiates, mais certaines d’entre elles, comme celles relatives à l’obtention de prêts, se limiteront probablement, par leur nature même, à en différer l’impact.
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