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Catalog

PDF - L'Europe des droits - la liberté de religion (2008)

Europeans and their rights
978-92-871-6204-5PDF
Type of document :
Book
Format :
PDF
Language :
French
Size :
16 x 24 cm
Number of pages :
195
Renáta Uitz
10.00 € / 15.00 $US
Tax excluded

La Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme et la Convention européenne des Droits de l'Homme proclament que toute personne a droit à la liberté de pensée, de conscience et de religion, y compris la liberté de manifester sa religion ou sa conviction par le culte, l'enseignement, les pratiques et l'accomplissement de rites. Ce droit fondamental est aujourd'hui encore parfois limité et se heurte à l'hostilité et à l'intolérance, et cela même dans nos société démocratiques. A travers des exemples concrets, l'auteur compare et analyse la protection du droit à la liberté de religion dans les jurisprudences des cours constitutionnelles européennes et de la Cour européenne des Droits de l'Homme du Conseil de l'Europe pour déterminer s'il existe un droit commun européen dans ce domaine.

Chapitre 1 - Introduction: la protection de la liberté de religion ou de croyance dans les démocraties européennes
1.1. La liberté de religion dans les documents internationaux et les Constitutions nationales d'Europe: aperçu
1.2. Laïcité, tolérance et pluralisme dans les démocraties européennes
Chapitre 2 - La liberté de religion en tant que droit  individuel
2.1. En quoi consiste une religion ou une conviction protégée?
2.2. Portée du for intérieur et des manifestations protégées de la liberté de religion
Ingérence dans le for intérieur? Révélation des convic¬tions: enregistrement de l'affiliation religieuse.
Refus de prêter serment: une décision relevant du for intérieur ou une manifestation appropriée de la liberté de religion?
Fêtes religieuses, lois sur le repos dominical et les jours de repos d'inspiration confessionnelle: limita¬tions appropriées de la manifestation de la liberté de religion, coercition en matière de foi ou imposi¬tion des préférences religieuses de l'Etat.
Manifestations de la liberté de religion: les limitations neutres en apparence et le problème de l'abattage rituel.
Manifestations de la liberté religieuse: refus d'une transfusion sanguine pour des raisons de conscience.
2.3. Prosélytisme
2.4. Objection de conscience au service militaire
Chapitre 3 - Droits des communautés et associations religieuses
3.1. Base des relations entre les Eglises et I'Etat: enregistrement des associations religieuses
Principes fondamentaux de la législation relative aux associations religieuses.
Aperçu des problèmes liés aux conditions préalables à la reconnaissance des organisations religieuses.
L'enregistrement en tant que condition préalable à l'exercice collectif de la religion.
Preuve de l'acceptation sociale: le critère fondé sur le nombre de membres.
Délais d'attente obligatoires.
Autres limitations de la liberté de religion découlant des définitions juridiques énoncées dans la réglementation relative aux associations religieuses.
Autonomie des Eglises: le rôle des perspectives religieuses dans les processus d'enregistrement.
3.2. Education et instruction religieuse
Introduction: droits parentaux et devoirs de l'Etat.
Ecoles privées confessionnelles.
Enseignement religieux dans les écoles publiques.
Contrôle sur l'environnement éducatif et interdiction de l'endoctrinement.
Droit d'être dispensé d'activités religieuses.
Symboles religieux à l'école: limites de la tolérance religieuse et du pluralisme.
3.3. Accommodements dans les prisons et les établissements militaires
Problèmes fondamentaux d'ordre théorique et pratique lies aux accommodements dans les environnements réglementés.
Limitations de la liberté de religion en prison et dans l'armée.
Interdiction de tirer avantage d'un environnement réglementé.
Chapitre 4 - Problèmes et défis contemporains
4.1. Interdiction du blasphème: liberté d'expression et liberté de religion
4.2. Obligation pour le gouvernement de protéger les citoyens contre les religions dangereuses
Les nouveaux mouvements religieux et l'accusation de lavage de cerveau.
Les commissions d'enquête et observatoires consacrés aux sectes.
Bibliographie non exhaustive et ouvrages complémentaires dont la lecture est recommandée