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Catalog

Newsletter

Libre de créer : la liberté artistique en Europe (2023)

Cultural development
978-92-871-9312-4
Type of document :
Report
Format :
Paper
Language :
French
Size :
A4
Number of pages :
58
Sara Whyatt
29.00 € / 58.00 $US
Tax excluded
«Quand la démocratie est soumise à de fortes pressions, le rôle clé des arts et de la culture en tant que moyens puissants de maintenir un dialogue constructif dans des sociétés démocratiques diverses et ouvertes devient de plus en plus évident. Le droit à la liberté d'expression artistique en est la clé et garantit le pluralisme et la vitalité du processus démocratique.»
(Marija Pejčinović Burić, Secrétaire Générale)

Ce rapport donne un aperçu complet des défis auxquels les artisteset les acteurs culturels européens sont confrontés dans l’exercice de leur droit à la liberté d’expression artistique. Ces défis vont des lois qui restreignent la liberté de création, des agressions de la part de groupes non gouvernementaux et des menaces en ligne, aux pressions « discrètes » qui contribuent à l’autocensure.

Il reflète, outre l’expérience et les perspectives des artistes, le travail effectué par le Conseil de l’Europe et par d’autres organisations intergouvernementales internationales promouvant la liberté d’expression et les droits humains, ainsi que par des organisations non gouvernementales, de la société civile et culturelle défendant les droits des artistes et les droits culturels. Ce rapport s’achève par des recommandations sur ce qui pourrait être fait par des institutions internationales, telles que le Conseil de l’Europe, par le secteur culturel et par les artistes eux-mêmes pour protéger la liberté artistique.
INTRODUCTION 
Méthodologie 
LE CONSEIL DE L’EUROPE ET LA DÉFENSE DE LA LIBERTÉ D’EXPRESSION ARTISTIQUE 
Le Manifeste sur la liberté d’expression
dans le domaine des arts et de la culture à l’ère numérique 
Libre de créer – Créer pour être libre 
La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme 
La Cour européenne des droits de l’homme 
LES CONVENTIONS INTERNATIONALES PROTÉGEANT LA LIBERTÉ ARTISTIQUE 
Les « mécanismes » des Nations Unies 
L’Unesco 
LES DÉFINITIONS DE LA LIBERTÉ D’EXPRESSION ARTISTIQUE 
QUI PROTÈGE LA LIBERTÉ ARTISTIQUE ? – LES ÉTATS, LA SOCIÉTÉ CIVILE ET LES ORGANISATIONS CULTURELLES 
Les États 
La société civile : les défenseurs des droits de l’homme, les groupes de défense de la liberté des médias et la liberté artistique 
Les organisations culturelles 
LA SITUATION DE LA LIBERTÉ ARTISTIQUE EN EUROPE – 2020-2022 
La liberté artistique en chiffres 
Les législations antiterroristes et de sécurité nationale, bâillons de l’expression légitime 
La dérision à l’égard des puissants 
Le blasphème et la diffamation à l’égard des religions 
La violence et l’intimidation 
Le genre, la sexualité et les « valeurs familiales » dans la ligne de mire des conservateurs 
Les « tracasseries » judiciaires ou poursuites stratégiques contre la mobilisation publique 
La pandémie de covid-19 et la liberté de création 
Les dangers et menaces en ligne 
L’ÉVOLUTION DE LA SITUATION EN EUROPE – CE QU’IL SE PASSE « SOUS LE RADAR » 
L’autocensure institutionnelle – Musées, institutions culturelles et universitaires 
Les groupes sous-représentés 
Le statut de l’artiste – Droits sociaux et économiques 
Les positions autocritiques dans les pays nordiques – Le financement de la culture et la liberté artistique 
LE TRAVAIL EN RÉSEAU, LA SOLIDARITÉ, LES « ISSUES DE SECOURS », LA SENSIBILISATION DU PUBLIC – CONSEILS D’ARTISTES 
Les espaces sûrs et les « issues de secours » 
Réagir aux scandales, aux campagnes de diffamation et à l’apathie – La liberté artistique et les médias 
L’apprentissage de la liberté artistique 
RECOMMANDATIONS ET PISTES POUR L’AVENIR 
Les États 
La société civile et les organisations culturelles 
Les programmes d’urgence et les lieux sûrs 
Les établissements d’enseignement et les instituts de recherche universitaire 
Les professionnels du droit 
Les organismes de financement 
Les artistes 
Le Conseil de l’Europe 
RÉFÉRENCES