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IRIS Spezial - Medienberichterstattung bei Wahlen: der rechtliche Rahmen in Europa (2017)

European Audiovisual Observatory
Format : Paper Papier Papier
978-92-871-8489-4
Type of document :
Book
Format :
Paper
Language :
German
Size :
A4
Number of pages :
146
Europäische Audiovisuelle Informationsstelle Maja Cappello (Hrsg.)
7.00 € / 7.00 $US
Tax excluded

Bei Wahlen und Referenden gilt die Aufmerksamkeit der Medien ganz den Kandidaten: Jedes Wort, jede Bewegung, ja selbst die kleinste Geste von ihnen wird analysiert. Im heutigen 24/7-Digitaluniversum haben die Massenmedien beispiellose Macht, unsere künftigen Staats- und Regierungschefs zu zerpflücken, zu kommentieren und zu durchleuchten wie nie zuvor. Doch wer sorgt dafür, dass die Berichterstattung gerecht und professionell ist und gewisse Mindestanforderungen an einen „anständigen“ Journalismus erfüllt? Wer macht diese Regeln? Nach den Wahlen in Frankreich und nur zwei Monate vor dem Urnengang in Deutschland hat die Europäische Audiovisuelle Informationsstelle, die ihren Sitz in Straßburg hat und zum Europarat gehört, einen ausführlichen Bericht veröffentlicht: „Medienberichterstattung über Wahlen: die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen in Europa“.

Dieser neue Bericht, der in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Amsterdamer Institut für Informationsrecht (IViR) entstanden ist, gibt zunächst einen Überblick über das übergreifende europäische Medienrecht zur Berichterstattung über Wahlen und geht dann in Fallstudien auf einzelne Länder ein. Ein Abschlusskapitel filtert aus diesen einzelnen Beispielen die Trends heraus und zieht daraus relevante Schlussfolgerungen.

1. Einführung
     1.1. Medien und Wahlen in ausgewählten Mitgliedstaaten des Europarats
     1.2. Rundfunkmedien und Wahlen
     1.3. Printmedien und Wahlen
     1.4. Onlinemedien und Wahlen
     1.5. Fazit
2. Europäisches Recht zu Medien und Wahlen
     2.1. Einführung
          2.1.1. Artikel 3 des Protokolls Nr. 1 der EMRK
     2.2. Rundfunkmedien und Wahlen
          2.2.1. Einschränkungen der Berichterstattung bei Wahlen
          2.2.2. Kandidateninterviews
          2.2.3. Wahldebatten im Fernsehen
          2.2.4. Ungleiche Medienberichterstattung über Wahlen
          2.2.5. Zugang zu Wahlsendungen
          2.2.6. Politische Werbung
     2.3. Printmedien und Wahlen
          2.3.1. Wahlrechtliche Einschränkungen für Printmedien
          2.3.2. Unterlassungsverfügungen gegen Printmedien bei Wahlen
          2.3.3. Verleumdungs-und Datenschutzverfahren bei Wahlen
     2.4. Onlinemedien und Wahlen
          2.4.1. Haftung für Berichte über Vorwürfe gegen Kandidaten
          2.4.2. Haftung von Online-Nachrichtenmedien für Leserkommentare
     2.5. Fazit
3. Europäische Standards und Leitlinien zu Medien und Wahlen
     3.1. Einführung
     3.2. Europarat
          3.2.1. Empfehlung (1999) betreffend die Berichterstattung der Medien über Wahlkampagnen
          3.2.2. Empfehlung (2007) betreffend die Berichterstattung der Medien über Wahlkampagnen
          3.2.3. Entschließung (2017) zu Onlinemedien und Journalismus
          3.2.4. Venedig-Kommission
     3.3. Europäische Plattform der Regulierungsbehörden (EPRA)
     3.4. Organisation für Sicherheit und Zusammenarbeit in Europa (OSZE)
     3.5. Fazit
4. DE - Deutschland
5. ES - Spanien
6. FR - Frankreich
7. GB - Vereinigtes Königreich
8. IE - Irland
9. IT - Italien
10. NL - Niederlande
11. PL - Polen
12. RU - Russland
13. Zusammenfassung Länderberichte
     13.1. Einführung
     13.2. Regelung der Berichterstattung über Wahlen und Referenden für Hörfunk und Fernsehen
          13.2.1. Allgemeine Vorschriften zur Wahlberichterstattung
          13.2.2. Politische Werbung
          13.2.3. Moratorien
          13.2.4. Wahlumfragen und Wählerbefragungen nach der Stimmabgabe
     13.3. Regulierung von Printmedien bei Wahlen und Referenden
          13.3.1. Moratorien
          13.3.2. Wahlumfragen und Wählerbefragungen nach der Stimmabgabe
          13.3.3. Politische Werbung
          13.3.4. Falschinformationen
     13.4. Regulierung von Onlinemedien bei Wahlen und Referenden
          13.4.1. Moratorien
          13.4.2. Wahlumfragen und Wählerbefragungen nach der Stimmabgabe
          13.4.3. Politische Werbung
          13.4.4. Politische Werbung und Datenschutz
          13.4.5. Falschinformationen
14. Schlussfolgerung