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Catalog

PDF - Système migratoire euroméditerranéen (2008)

Migrants rights
978-92-871-6398-1PDF
Type of document :
Book
Format :
PDF
Language :
French
Size :
16 x 24 cm
Number of pages :
130
Stéphane de Tapia
11.00 € / 17.00 $US

La région euroméditerranéenne peut être considérée comme un point névralgique des flux sud-nord. Partant de ce constat, l'auteur aborde les problèmes migratoires des pays de la rive nord de la Méditerranée et des pays d'immigration de l'Union européenne, recruteurs de main-d'oeuvre sur la rive sud (cela concerne par exemple Ies Marocains de France, de Belgique ou de Grande-Bretagne; les Turcs d'Allemagne, de France, du Benelux et de Scandinavie; Ies Algériens de France et Ies Tunisiens de France et d'ltalie). Il étend son étude aux nouveaux pays d'immigration de la rive nord (l'Espagne, l'ltalie et la Grèce), ainsi qu'aux pays d'émigration et de transit des rives méridionale et orientale.L'objectif de cet ouvrage est de fournir au lecteur un aperçu critique de la littérature existante sur le thème du «codéveloppement», à partir de sources consultées en différentes langues, en sélectionnant des points susceptibles de répondre aux questions des pays d'immigration aussi bien qu'à celles des pays d'origine, prenant en compte Ies interrogations soulevées par Ies experts.

Avant-propos

Introduction

Systèmes migratoires - «européen», «méditerranéen», «euroméditerranéen»: question de définitions

Chapitre 1 - Potentiel migratoire, migration internationale et contrôle des flux: le développement, alternative à la migration internationale?

Etat de la recherche en Europe et dans le monde

1.1. Le constat actuel: permanence des liens des émigres avec les pays d'origine et importance des transferts financiers
1.2. L'aide publique internationale au développement: quels effets sur la migration internationale ?
1.3. Investissement endogène et investissement direct étranger (IDE), modes de création de pôles de développement: quels effets sur les migrations?
1.4. Le passage du statut de pays d'émigration à celui de pays d'immigration: quelques cas reconnus (Italie, Espagne) et des évolutions récentes (Portugal, Grèce, Irlande, Turquie)
1.5. Le cas spécifique des pays de transit: quelle incidence sur le développement économique ?
1.6. Migrations irrégulières et développement: effets possibles

Chapitre 2 - Migration internationale et développement socio-économique des pays d'origine: une vieille question récurrente, un bilan difficile à établir, un enjeu véritable

La typologie des transferts financiers

2.1. Les transferts de fonds par les travailleurs (workers' remittances)
2.2. Les prestations sociales
2.3. Les aides publiques au développement (APD) liées directement à la migration
2.4. Les circuits informels
2.5. Autres transferts: les capitaux privés
2.6. Autres transferts: savoir-faire et transferts de technologies

Chapitre 3 - Investissements productifs et investissements non productifs: une division classique mais pas toujours pertinente dans les années 1970-1980

La typologie des actions menées par les Etats, les entreprises, les ONG, les émigrés

3.1. La création d'entreprises industrielles
- L'expérience turque: «secteur populaire» et «modèle turc» (Halk Sektorii et Türk modeli)
- L'experience yougoslave: les devizne fabrike
- L'expérience tunisienne: des commerçants avisés et une stratégie transnationale
3.2. La création d'entreprises artisanales de production et de services
3.3. La création d'entreprises commerciales
3.4. L'agriculture
3.5. Les services publics pris en charge par les émigrés
3.6. Des effets contrastes (positifs et négatifs) sur la construction et immobilier
3.7. Les effets sur les transports et les communications
3.8. Le tourisme international diffus
3.9. Secteur formel, secteur informel
3.10. Le poids du local

Chapitre 4 - Investissements directs, investissements indirects: effets décalés dans le temps et importance de la durée dans les politiques de développement

Les enseignements d'expériences passées ou en cours, à partir des études de cas disponible

4.1. Les politiques nationales de développement des pays d'origine: les pays d'émigration
4.2. Les politiques nationales et internationales de développement des pays d'origine: les pays d'immigration
4.3. Les politiques de «retour aidé» des pays d'immigration
4.4. Les politiques de réadmission, avec ou sans «volet développement »
4.5. Les actions autonomes ou spontanées des émigrés
4.6. Les investissements directs étrangers et les délocalisations

Conclusion

Bibliographie

Annexe 1 - Le «rapport Kindleberger»

Annexe 2 - Résultats de recherche
A. «Bilan comptable» de la migration internationale, synthèse de G. Tapinos
B. Difficultés rencontrées par les entreprises turques créées par des émigrés, selon S. de Tapia (1996), à partir des travaux de REMPLOD et ISOPLAN
C. Difficultés rencontrées récemment dans quatre pays d'émigration par les entrepreneurs de retour au pays, selon l'AFD (étude analysée par M. Raunet en 2005)
D. Exemple de réinsertion économique en Afrique: région de Bamako-Kayes, au Mali (étude empirique de l'IRD, 2002)
E. Caractéristiques des investissements de retour dans un bassin d'émigration anatolien: Tavas-Denizli en Turquie (étude empirique de Mustafa Mutluer sur un bassin d'émigration)

Annexe 3 - Exemples d'expériences ou de politiques de codéveloppement traitées dans la littérature récente

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