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PDF - Réaliser le droit au regroupement familial des réfugiés en Europe (2017)

Commissioner for Human Rights
053017FRA
Type of document :
Document
Format :
PDF
Language :
French
Size :
963 KB
Number of pages :
68
Commissaire aux droits de l’homme du Conseil de l’Europe
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Dans le cas des réfugiés (au sens large du terme), le droit au respect de la vie familiale exige un regroupement familial rapide et effectif.

Le droit au regroupement familial est essentiel pour les réfugiés. Le fait d’être séparé des membres de sa famille est une source d’anxiété; c’est également un obstacle à une intégration réussie dans le pays d’accueil. La mise en place de politiques de regroupement familial cohérentes contribue également à la création de filières de migration légales et sûres, qui sont nécessaires pour éviter que ne soient entrepris des voyages clandestins et dangereux vers l’Europe et au sein celle-ci.

À l’heure actuelle, malgré la nécessité, tant pour les réfugiés que pour les États européens, de faciliter le regroupement familial, on assiste à une multiplication des restrictions dans ce domaine. Ce document évalue les restrictions du droit au regroupement familial tel qu’il est consacré par les traités des Nations Unies en matière de droits de l’homme, la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme et le droit communautaire. Il montre également que beaucoup de restrictions d’ordre juridique et pratique actuellement en vigueur posent des problèmes sous l’angle des droits de l’homme.

Sur la base de cette analyse, le Commissaire aux droits de l’homme du Conseil de l’Europe adresse aux États membres plusieurs recommandations visant à aider les autorités nationales à réviser leurs lois, leurs politiques et leurs pratiques, afin de garantir une application effective du droit au regroupement familial, dans l’intérêt des réfugiés et dans celui des sociétés qui les accueillent.

RÉSUMÉ
RECOMMANDATIONS DU COMMISSAIRE
1. INTRODUCTION
     1.1. Urgence et importance du regroupement des familles de réfugiés
     1.2. Explication des principaux termes utilisés
2. LE REGROUPEMENT FAMILIAL DANS LES NORMES INTERNATIONALES ET EUROPÉENNES DES DROITS DE L’HOMME
     2.1. Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques
     2.2. Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant
     2.3. Droit international des réfugiés relatif au regroupement familial
     2.4. Charte sociale européenne
3. LE REGROUPEMENT FAMILIAL DANS LA JURISPRUDENCE DE LA COUR EUROPÉENNE DES DROITS DE L’HOMME
     3.1. Regroupement familial pour les réfugiés
     3.2. L’« intérêt supérieur de l’enfant » dans la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme
     3.3. Égalité de traitement et regroupement familial
4. LÉGISLATION DE L’UNION EUROPÉENNE SUR LE REGROUPEMENT FAMILIAL
     4.1. Droit primaire de l’Union européenne
     4.2. Droit dérivé de l’Union européenne
5. TENDANCES RESTRICTIVES QUI AFFECTENT LE REGROUPEMENT FAMILIAL DES RÉFUGIÉS
     5.1. Restrictions concernant les bénéficiaires du regroupement familial
     5.2. Membres de la famille admissibles au regroupement
     5.3. Obstacles juridiques et pratiques au regroupement familial des réfugiés
     5.4. Statut des bénéficiaires du regroupement familial
OBSERVATIONS FINALES
NOTES

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053017FRA

PDF - Réaliser le droit au regroupement familial des réfugiés en Europe