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Catalog

IRIS Plus 2021-1 - Diversité et inclusion dans le secteur audiovisuel en Europe (2021)

European Audiovisual Observatory
978-92-871-9055-0
Type of document :
Book
Format :
Paper
Language :
French
Size :
A4
Number of pages :
138
Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel
11.00 € / 11.00 $US
Tax excluded
Comment l'Europe peut-elle garantir un meilleur respect de la diversité et de l'inclusion dans les secteurs du cinéma, de la télévision et de la VOD ?

En Europe, il existe un corpus législatif et jurisprudentiel conséquent qui interdit la discrimination pour de nombreux motifs. Au niveau national, les législateurs et les régulateurs ont fourni une diversité d'outils et de mécanismes pour promouvoir l'égalité et lutter contre la discrimination, par exemple en imposant des obligations aux radiodiffuseurs, notamment ceux du service public. Les fonds cinématographiques conditionnent le financement public au respect de critères d'égalité et de diversité. Et au-delà de l'intervention de l'État, l'industrie audiovisuelle européenne est également intervenue en introduisant de nouvelles politiques visant à accroître la diversité et à promouvoir l'inclusion dans le secteur.

Cette publication vise à présenter la variété de mesures en place en matière de diversité et d'inclusion d'une manière non exhaustive, afin d'illustrer non seulement tout le bon travail réalisé ces dernières années, mais aussi de mettre en évidence les lacunes et les défis pour l'avenir.
1. Le contexte 
1.1. Comment définir la diversité et l’inclusion ? 
1.2. La diversité et l’inclusion hors écran 
1.3. La diversité et l’inclusion à l’écran 
1.4. Boîte à outils de la diversité et de l’inclusion 
2. Le cadre juridique international et de l’Union européenne
2.1. Les mesures prises par les organisations internationales 
2.1.1. Le cadre des Nations Unies 
2.1.2. Le cadre du Conseil de l’Europe 
2.2. Les mesures prises par l’Union européenne 
2.2.1. Le principe de non-discrimination et d’égalité 
2.2.2. La question de la diversité de genre et de l’inclusion dans le secteur audiovisuel 
2.2.3. Les programmes et initiatives de l’Union européenne 
2.3. Les initiatives sectorielles 
2.3.1. Les initiatives de l’EFAD 
2.3.2. Les initiatives de l’EPRA
2.3.3. Les initiatives de l’ERGA 
3. Le contexte national
3.1. La législation sectorielle relative à la radiodiffusion et à la VOD 
3.1.1. Le Royaume-Uni
3.1.2. La France 
3.1.3. L’Espagne 
3.1.4. La Communauté française de Belgique (communauté francophone)
3.2. Les critères en matière de financement public 
3.2.1. La question du genre 
3.2.2. Les minorités linguistiques 
3.2.3. La diversité ethnique, sociale et religieuse 
4. Les meilleures pratiques du secteur
4.1. Les stratégies et les outils 
4.1.1. Les recommandations sectorielles 
4.1.2. Le suivi et la collecte des données 
4.1.3. Les chartes, les labels et les certifications en matière de diversité 
4.1.4. Les plans d’action, les stratégies et les lignes directrices 
4.2. Les initiatives de sensibilisation 
4.2.1. Le lancement de campagnes de sensibilisation et d’événements 
4.2.2. La création de réseaux et d’alliances
4.2.3. Le rôle des organisations non gouvernementales 
5. La jurisprudence 
5.1. La Cour européenne des droits de l’homme 
5.1.1. Les principes généraux 
5.1.2. L’incitation à la haine et à la discrimination 
5.2. La Cour de justice de l’Union européenne 
5.2.1. Le champ d’application 
5.2.2. La discrimination directe
5.2.3. La discrimination indirecte 
5.2.4. Le harcèlement 
5.2.5. Les motifs susceptibles de justifier un traitement moins favorable 
5.2.6. Les caractéristiques protégées 
6. État des lieux 
6.1. Des progrès restent à faire en matière d’égalité et de non-discrimination 
6.2. De nombreuses représentations à l’écran ne sont toujours pas réglementées 
6.3. Les avantages et les risques liés à l’utilisation de l’intelligence artificielle pour la modération des contenus 
6.4. Conclusion