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IRIS Spécial - Marchés convergents - pouvoir convergent ? Régulation et jurisprudence (2013)

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European Audiovisual Observatory
Format : Paper Papier Papier
978-92-871-7594-6
Type of document :
Book
Format :
Paper
Language :
French
Size :
A4
Number of pages :
202
Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel
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Cette édition d’IRIS Spécial marque une étape clé vers une plus grande transparence dans le secteur audiovisuel quant à la régulation du pouvoir de marché. Elle met également en lumière les défis posés par la régulation des marchés convergents et du pouvoir sur ces marchés.

Le pouvoir de marché devient une préoccupation pour les législateurs nationaux et européen dès lors que les acteurs présents sur un marché acquièrent un niveau de pouvoir qui altère sévèrement l’équilibre de ce marché. Le secteur audiovisuel ne fait pas exception à cet égard. Mais il a également ses spécificités dans la mesure où un trop fort pouvoir sur ce marché ne met pas seulement à mal les conditions de concurrence dans le secteur, mais peut également menacer la liberté de l’information. C’est ce dernier aspect qui rend particulièrement sensible la question du pouvoir sur le marché audiovisuel. Les législateurs et les régulateurs nationaux, ainsi que leurs juridictions, recherchent des solutions adaptées à ce problème.

Cet IRIS Spécial se penche sur la régulation du pouvoir de marché dans le secteur audiovisuel en Europe.

La première partie de cet IRIS Spécial examine l’approche de l’Union européenne en matière de limitation du pouvoir des médias, approche qui reste dominée par l’application du droit de la concurrence. Cet IRIS Spécial revient sur le fonctionnement général du droit de la concurrence et des autres instruments réglementaires pertinents. Il montre en particulier comment les différents services présents dans le secteur audiovisuel sont régulés et quels marchés doivent y être distingués.

La deuxième partie décrit les cadres réglementaires de 11 Etats européens en matière de contrôle du pouvoir de marché. Pour chacun de ces Etats sont présentées des informations relatives à la régulation des services de médias audiovisuels et des services auxiliaires, des plateformes et des services convergents, et enfin des services de distribution.
Ces 11 Etats ont été choisis soit parce qu’ils représentent des marchés majeurs de services de médias audiovisuels en Europe, soit parce qu’ils évoluent en dehors des contraintes du marché intérieur, ou encore parce qu’ils ont certaines caractéristiques particulières, par exemple, la capacité d’attirer des acteurs majeurs en dépit d’un marché de faible dimension.

La troisième partie se penche sur le contexte économique dans lequel ces marchés évoluent, en termes de parts de marché et d’audience de la télévision et des services de vidéo en ligne. Ces données permettent de replacer l’information juridique dans un contexte pratique.

La quatrième et dernière partie s’efforce de dégager des tendances communes dans les approches des Etats en matière de régulation du pouvoir de marché, à en identifier les principales différences et à décrire certaines solutions originales. Ici ou là seront évoqués des aspects de la législation de l’UE ayant influencé les cadres juridiques nationaux

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