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IRIS Spécial - Activités en ligne des médias de service public: mission et financement (2015)

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European Audiovisual Observatory
Format : Paper Papier Papier
978-92-871-8141-1
Type of document :
Book
Format :
Paper
Language :
French
Size :
A4
Number of pages :
112
Observatoire européen de l'audiovisuel
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La définition des services en ligne pouvant bénéficier de financements publics en vertu de leur mission de service public est l’une des questions les plus difficiles qui se posent actuellement aux gouvernements de l’UE. L’Observatoire européen de l’audiovisuel vient de publier un rapport important qui offre une précieuse vue d’ensemble des activités en ligne des médias de service public, de leur mission et de leur financement. Ce nouvel IRIS Spécial a été élaboré par l’Institut du droit européen des médias, basé à Sarrebruck, et réunit des contributions de différents auteurs. Il aborde des questions telles que la définition des médias de service public, les modèles actuels de financement de la radiodiffusion, ou encore la pertinence et la viabilité des tests de valeur publique pour les offres des médias de service public relevant des nouveaux médias.

Numérisation et convergence (technologique) sont les maîtres mots dans le domaine de la radiodiffusion aujourd‘hui. Conséquence du passage au numérique, le nombre de programmes, de textes et de contenus a fortement augmenté, dans ce secteur comme ailleurs. Les offres de programmes et leurs modes de diffusion se sont multipliés au cours de ce processus. A côté des entreprises de médias et des radiodiffuseurs du marché, les publications et offres privées sur internet se multiplient. Il est en conséquence de plus en plus difficile de distinguer les différents médias les uns des autres. L’offre en ligne d’un journal « classique », au même titre que le site web d’une chaîne télévisée de service public, fournit des informations sous forme de texte et d’image, mais aussi des contenus audiovisuels. Textes, images, sons et vidéos se confondent de façon croissante pour former une offre « multimédia » et l’ensemble de ces contenus peuvent être consultés sur quantité de terminaux, allant de l’ordinateur au téléphone portable.

A la lumière de ces changements intervenus dans le secteur des médias, il est essentiel pour le bon fonctionnement de la vie politique dans une démocratie de rappeler quelles sont les performances attendues des médias en général et de la radiodiffusion de service public en particulier.

Une analyse incontournable des défis que rencontrent les médias de service public dans le développement de nouveaux services en ligne.

Sommaire

Introduction

1. Le cadre européen relatif aux activités en ligne des médias de service public
1.1. Conseil de l’Europe
1.2. Union européenne
1.3. Conclusion

2. La mission des médias de service public sur internet
2.1. Les médias à l’aube de l’ère de l’information mondialisée
2.2. La radiodiffusion de service public sur le web
2.3. Liberté d’opinion et d’information et mission en ligne
2.4 Epilogue

3. Etude comparative de certains modèles de financement de la radiodiffusion en Europe
3.1. Les sources de financement des offres de radiodiffusion
3.2. Le modèle du financement par la redevance
3.3. Conclusion

4. Réforme de la redevance et mandat en ligne dans les médias de service public danois
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Le système danois de financement par la redevance
4.3. La structure réglementaire du service public danois
4.4. Conclusions

5. Le financement des médias de service public en Allemagne
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Les raisons de la modification du système de financement allemand
5.3. La nouvelle redevance applicable aux foyers           
5.4. Un financement indépendant de l’Etat
5.5. Deux années plus tard : l’expérience pratique de la nouvelle législation
5.6. La « nouvelle redevance » au regard de la législation applicable aux aides d’Etat
5.7. Conclusions et perspectives

6. Le financement des médias de service public hongrois
6.1. L’organisation des médias de service public hongrois
6.2. Le financement des médias de service public hongrois
6.3. Les services de « nouveaux médias » des médias de service public hongrois
6.4. Conclusion

7. Le test de valeur publique et sa mise en œuvre
7.1. Organismes responsables
7.2. La procédure prévue par la législation nationale
7.3. Durée et coût
7.4. Conclusion

8. Le test de valeur publique est-il adapté à ses objectifs ?
8.1. Les MSP à l’ère numérique
8.2. Nouveaux services en ligne des MSP dans le cadre du mandat de service public
8.3. L'inclusion des nouveaux services en ligne des MSP dans le mandat de service public
8.4. Le test de valeur publique pour les nouveaux services majeurs en ligne des MSP
8.5. Conclusion

9. Les caractéristiques du test ex ante en droit national et sa mise en oeuvre
9.1. Introduction
9.2. L’adoption de la Communication de 2009
9.3. L’impact de la nouvelle Communication : le fonctionnement du test ex ante en pratique ?
9.4. Prochaines étapes ?

Conclusion

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