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Catalog

Newsletter

e-pub - Alternatives - Les contre-récits pour combattre le discours de haine (2017)

Human rights, democratic citizenship and interculturalism
978-92-871-8544-0
Type of document :
Book
Format :
Epub
Language :
French
Size :
1.77 MB
Number of pages :
174
Agata de Latour, Nina Perger, Ron Salaj, Claudio Tocchi et Paloma Viejo Otero
14.00 € / 28.00 $US

Combattre le discours de haine hors ligne et en ligne: un nouvel outil pour aider les jeunes et les éducateurs à affronter, à démonter et à remplacer les récits haineux.

Le discours de haine en ligne est aujourd'hui une forme majeure de violation des droits de l'homme. Ses conséquences sont graves, parfois même tragiques, y compris « dans la vie réelle ». Nous ne pouvons laisser le discours de haine proliférer sans dénoncer sa vraie nature : il relaie des récits fondés sur les préjugés envers certains groupes sociaux, les associe à de fausses informations et alimente ainsi les phobies et les peurs. Ces récits séduisent parce qu'ils jouent sur ce que les gens croient, ou ont envie de croire, et donnent du sens aux informations présentées. Et ils sont si répandus en ligne qu'ils finissent par avoir l'air légitimes.

Cependant, les récits ne disent pas « rien que la vérité », et jamais « toute la vérité ». Lorsqu'ils sont utilisés pour opprimer, comme ceux qui sous-tendent le discours de haine, ils sapent les bases des sociétés pluralistes et démocratiques et mettent en danger la vie et la dignité des personnes.

Pour discréditer et déconstruire les récits sur lesquels se fonde le discours de haine, des contre-récits sont donc nécessaires, ainsi que des récits alternatifs, pour défendre des valeurs et des perspectives positives favorisant les droits de l'homme et la démocratie (solidarité, respect de la diversité, liberté, égalité). Les jeunes citoyens doivent s'emparer de l'espace public virtuel en y diffusant des récits positifs fondés sur l'espoir et sur l'amour.

Ce manuel présente des stratégies et des outils d'éducation et de communication destinés aux défenseurs des droits de l'homme qui souhaitent élaborer leurs propres contre-récits et récits alternatifs au discours de haine. Conçu pour un travail auprès de jeunes à partir de 13 ans, il repose sur les principes de l'éducation aux droits de l'homme et de la participation des jeunes.

Chacun peut agir contre le discours de haine. En apportant des informations sur le discours de haine et les droits de l'homme ainsi qu'une méthode pour élaborer des contre-récits, Alternatives rend cette action plus simple, efficace et positive.

Le Conseil de l'Europe a lancé le Mouvement contre le discours de haine pour mobiliser les jeunes en faveur des droits de l'homme sur internet et pour combattre le discours de haine. L'éducation est au coeur de cette campagne. Le présent manuel complète Connexions – Manuel pour la lutte contre le discours de haine en ligne par l'éducation aux droits de l'homme, également paru aux éditions du Conseil de l'Europe.

CHAPITRE 1 – PRÉSENTATION DU MANUEL
     1.1. Présentation des concepts essentiels            
     1.2. Pourquoi ce manuel ?
     1.3 Utiliser les récits contre le discours de haine
     1.4 Objectifs du manuel
     1.5 A qui s’adresse ce manuel?
     1.6 Approche pédagogique
     1.7 La campagne Mouvement contre le discours de haine
     1.8 Structure du manuel
CHAPITRE 2 – LE DISCOURS DE HAINE
     2.1 Définition du discours de haine
     2.2 Catégories pour l’analyse sociale du discours de haine
     2.3 Qui est visé par le discours de haine ?
     2.4 Deux exemples de discours de haine en Europe
CHAPITRE 3 – DISCOURS DE HAINE EN LIGNE ET RÉSEAUX SOCIAUX
     3.1 Communiquer à l’heure du Web 2.0
     3.2 Le discours de haine vu par les entreprises de réseaux sociaux
     3.3 Rôle de la maîtrise d’internet
     3.4 Faire campagne via les réseaux sociaux
CHAPITRE 4 – LES RÉCITS
     4.1 Pourquoi parler des récits ?
     4.2 C’est quoi cette histoire ?
     4.3 Les récits comme cadres d’action : deux exemples
CHAPITRE 5 – CONTRE-RÉCITS ET RÉCITS ALTERNATIFS
     5.1 Introduction
     5.2 Contre-récits ou récits alternatifs ?
     5.3 Contre-messages : occuper l’espace public
     5.4 Récits alternatifs : bousculer les discours établis
     5.5 Une approche narrative fondée sur les droits de l’homme
     5.6 Le récit, un outil parmi d’autres
CHAPITRE 6 – UNE ACTION QUI SE PRÉPARE
     6.1 On peut le faire!
     6.2 Répondre par les droits de l’homme
     6.3 Apprendre en agissant
     6.4 Difficultés d’une campagne, en ligne et hors ligne
     6.5 Types d’engagement
     6.6 Émotions, sécurité et bien-être
     6.7 Le pouvoir des mots
     6.8 Légitimité
     6.9 Trouver des soutiens
     6.10 Ressources humaines et matérielles
     6.11 Se documenter
CHAPITRE 7 – VOTRE CAMPAGNE ÉTAPE PAR ÉTAPE
     7.1 Phase 1 : Analyse du récit oppressif
     7.2 Phase 2 : Conception du contre-récit
     7.3 Phase 3 : Mise en oeuvre
     7.4. Phase 4 : Suivi et évaluation
ANNEXES
     Annexe 1 : Questions fréquentes
     Annexe 2 : Déclaration universelle des droits de l’homme (résumé)
     Annexe 3 : La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme et ses protocoles
     Annexe 4 : Exemple de déroulé d’une session
     Annexe 5 : Bibliographie commentée
     Annexe 6 : Glossaire

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