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Catalog

Newsletter

IRIS plus 2010-4: Médias de service public : pas de contenu sans financement (2010)

  • Online only
European Audiovisual Observatory
978-92-871-6903-7
Type of document :
Book
Format :
Paper
Language :
French
Size :
A4
Number of pages :
59
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Un thème juridique brûlant examiné sous différents angles Les développements juridiques, technologiques et économiques dans le secteur audiovisuel génèrent pour les professionnels des besoins immédiats en informations. IRIS plus a pour but d'identifier ces nouveautés et de fournir leur contexte juridique. Sur la base d'un article de fond étayé par des exposés concis, suivi d'un zoom sur le sujet traité sous forme de tableaux synoptiques, de données de marché ou d'informations pratiques selon les cas, IRIS plus fournit à ses lecteurs la connaissance nécessaire pour suivre et prendre part aux dernières discussions très pertinentes concernant le secteur audiovisuel.

ARTICLE DE FOND
Le financement et le contrôle des offres des radiodiffuseurs de service public

Règles du droit européen et évolution des législations nationales sur la question du contrôle de la performance des offres des radiodiffuseurs, au niveau économique et en termes de contenu

L'article de fond examine les derniers développements survenus en Europe en matière de financement et de contrôle de la radiodiffusion publique.
Après une présentation du cadre européen en la matière, il se penche sur les modèles de financement de la radiodiffusion de service public qui sont en place, à la lumière des textes juridiques existants, dans une sélection représentative d'Etats membres. L'auteur aborde également la problématique, apparue plus récemment, de l'assujettissement à la redevance audiovisuelle des ordinateurs connectés à Internet. Le contrôle des contenus et la surveillance financière appliqués aux offres de radiodiffusion de service public, deux mécanismes de contrôle qui sont souvent liés, font également l'objet d'une étude détaillée (par exemple : les tests d'évaluation de l'intérêt public, ou « tests en trois étapes »).

Plan de l'article de fond :
I. Introduction
II. Le cadre européen en matière de financement et de contrôle des offres des médias publics
    1. Union européenne: Textes juridiques et jurisprudence de la  juridiction européenne
    2. Conseil de l'Europe: Textes juridiques et jurisprudence de la CEDH
III. Les modèles de financement des médias de service public dans les Etats membres (Allemagne, Finlande, France, Pays-Bas, Autriche, République slovaque, Espagne)
IV. Le contrôle du financement et des prestations des médias de service public (Allemagne, Royaume-Uni, Irlande, Autriche)
V. Bilan

REPORTAGES
Financer : comment et quoi ?

La seconde partie illustre l'état actuel du débat concernant le financement des médias de service public et les contenus qu'il convient de financer. Cette rubrique présente des contributions de 11 pays, qui datent toutes du premier semestre 2010. Ces articles permettent de dégager cinq grands thèmes de réflexion à partir des débats nationaux actuels, à savoir :
- Le remplacement de la publicité par des taxes
- Le financement mixte
- Le partenariat public-privé
- Le prélèvement de la redevance
- La valeur ajoutée du service public

Les articles publiés concernent les Etats suivants : France, Slovaquie, Kirghizistan, Lettonie, Autriche, Suisse, Allemagne, Pologne, Malte et Espagne.
Par ailleurs, un article est consacré à une demande adressée par la Commission européenne à l'Espagne.

ZOOM
Les offres de médias audiovisuels du service public à l'examen

La première partie de cette rubrique ZOOM présente un tableau répertoriant les nouveaux services de médias qui ont fait ou font actuellement l'objet d'un examen de conformité avec la mission de service public, avec présentation du statut de la procédure, de son issue et des décisions respectives.
Ce tour d'horizon est complété par une analyse de la situation dans la Communauté flamande de Belgique et en Norvège, afin de comprendre pourquoi, dans ces régions-là, les médias publics ne sont pas (encore) soumis à un tel contrôle.

La comparaison du financement du secteur public de radio-télévision dans l'UE

La deuxième partie du ZOOM propose des éléments de référence concernant l'évolution des recettes des radiodiffuseurs publics et l'impact de cette évolution en termes de taux de croissance et de revenu d'exploitation par habitant. Ces données vous fourniront les éléments de base pour apprécier la dimension économique des subventions publiques accordées à la radiodiffusion.

Vous trouverez une présentation chiffrée des points suivants :
- Produit d'exploitation des radiodiffuseurs publics de l'Union européenne (EUR27) (2004-2008)
- Taux de croissance annuel moyen du produit d'exploitation des radiodiffuseurs publics (2004-2008)
- Produit d'exploitation moyen par habitant des radiodiffuseurs publics de l'Union européenne (2008)