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L'Europe de la démocratie et des droits de l'homme - L'action du Conseil de l'Europe (2009)

Human Rights and Democracy
Format : Paper Papier PDF PDF
978-92-871-6506-0
Type of document :
Book
Format :
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Language :
French
Size :
16 x 24 cm
Number of pages :
380
Jean Petaux
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Plus de 800 millions d'Européens peuvent individuellement faire condamner leur Etat pour manquement aux droits de l'homme par une cour européenne». «Une assemblée réunit à Strasbourg des parlementaires islandais, russes, portugais, allemands, géorgiens, etc.». «Il existe un congrès ou siègent les représentants de 200 000 collectivités territoriales en Europe»... Autant de réalisations de la première institution européenne: le Conseil de l'Europe. Forte aujourd'hui de 47 Etats membres, cette organisation est devenue l'une des principales institutions de coopération intergouvernementale, elle fête cette année ses 60 ans d'existence.Ce livre est consacré au rôle du Conseil de l'Europe : agora de l'idéal démocratique et garant de la stabilité politique, maison des droits de l'homme et forum des cultures diversifiées, mais aussi laboratoire de l'Europe et territoire politique du futur. L'auteur étudie les spécificités du Conseil dans l'architecture européenne, notamment par rapport à l'Union européenne. Cet ouvrage est indispensable à l'étude de l'Organisation de Strasbourg, à la compréhension de son fonctionnement et à la connaissance de son action.

Introduction
Les mots pour le dire, l'institution pour le faire
Question de mots : politique et rôle
Question d'ambitions : les valeurs de l'Europe
Question d'instruments : une variété d'outils normatifs
Question d'usages : crise identitaire européenne et souci de l'âme
Problématiques du projet et hypothèse pour un Conseil

Première partie : l'agora de l'idéal démocratique et le garant de la stabilité politique

Chapitre 1 - Une institution produit de l'histoire et d'une culture du compromis
1. De Bordeaux en 1940 à La Haye en 1948 : unions à géométries variables
2. Le traité du 5 mai 1949 : le compromis de Londres
3. Du Statut à la pratique : à la conquête de l'équilibre institutionnel
4. Une institutionnalisation synonyme de diversification et d'amplification
5. La marque initiale : construire sur le compromis fondateur

Chapitre 2 - L'enjeu de la réunification européenne et le développement de la démocratie
1. Le déroulement d'un processus historique ou l'accomplissement de l'Histoire
2. « Faire de la politique » : là est la voie tracée par les dirigeants européens
3. L'ingénierie démocratique : Démosthène, Commission de Venise, CEPEJ

Chapitre 3 - Les délices européens du jardin politique local et la promotion en tension de l'idéal démocratique
1. Le « Congrès » : « Agir sur le terrain, penser européen »
2. L'élargissement et l'approfondissement : la tension de l'idéal démocratique

Deuxième partie : la maison des droits de l'homme et le forum des cultures diversifiées

Chapitre 1- Une oeuvre exceptionnelle au contenu politique : les droits de l'homme
1. Un code : la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme
2. Un arbitre : la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme
3. Une pratique : quelques affaires emblématiques et politiques

Chapitre 2 - L'Europe à l'endroit : la culture au coeur et la diversité culturelle en tête
1. La Convention culturelle européenne : l'audace d'une politique
2. La défense des cultures diversifiées et la protection du patrimoine
3. La réponse à l'instrumentalisation de la culture

Chapitre 3 - La culture des droits de l'homme : le droit au service d'une ambition politique
1. La fonction cognitive du combat pour les droits de l'homme
2. La fonction tribunitienne au service des droits de l'homme
3. La fonction pédagogique de l'éducation aux droits humains et sociaux

Troisième partie : le laboratoire de l'Europe et le territoire politique du futur

Chapitre 1 - Le Conseil de l'Europe et l'Union européenne : une synergie originale et indispensable
1. La cigogne et le coucou : les ambiguïtés de la consanguinité historique
2. La question institutionnelle des relations avec l'Union européenne
3. Des partenariats renforcés, efficaces et parfois trop discrets

Chapitre 2 - Le Conseil de l'Europe : instance de renaissance d'une Europe enlisée
1. Se souvenir des tragédies pour s'en libérer
2. Oser les citoyens face à d'autres logiques (Pharmacopée, Eurimages, etc.) : une pratique bien rodée des coopérations renforcées
3. Assumer pleinement un rôle politique et inscrire l'Europe dans le monde

Conclusion

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