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PDF - Santé et droits sexuels et reproductifs des femmes en Europe (2017)

Commissioner for Human Rights
Format : PDF PDF
165217FRA
Type of document :
Document
Format :
PDF
Language :
French
Size :
900 KB
Number of pages :
84
Commissaire aux droits de l'homme Préparé par Leah Hoctor, Adriana Lamačková et Katrine Thomasen, avec l’assistance de Jessica Boulet, du Programme sur l’Europe du Center for Reproductive Rights.
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Des progrès s’imposent pour garantir la santé et les droits sexuels et reproductifs des femmes en Europe!

En dépit de progrès considérables, les femmes continuent de rencontrer, en Europe, de graves difficultés en ce qui concerne leur santé et leurs droits sexuels et reproductifs. Des lois, des politiques et des pratiques limitent et compromettent sérieusement la santé sexuelle et reproductive des femmes, leur autonomie, leur dignité et leur pouvoir de décision et les inégalités hommes-femmes, encore omniprésentes, ont un impact important sur leur santé et leurs droits sexuels et reproductifs. En outre, on assiste à la résurgence, ces dernières années, de menaces à l’encontre de ces droits, qui mettent en péril des engagements bien établis en matière d’égalité de genre et de droits des femmes.

Le présent document thématique traite de ces préoccupations compte tenu des obligations internationales en matière de droits de l’homme des États membres telles qu’affirmées dans les instruments internationaux et européens, et enrichies et interprétées par les mécanismes pertinents en matière de droits de l’homme. Il offre une vue d’ensemble des obligations étatiques en matière de santé et droits reproductifs et sexuels des femmes, notamment en ce qui concerne l’accès à une éducation sexuelle complète, à une contraception moderne, à un avortement légal et sécurisé et à des soins de santé maternelle de qualité.

RÉSUMÉ
LES RECOMMANDATIONS DU COMMISSAIRE
INTRODUCTION
CHAPITRE 1 - LA SANTÉ ET LES DROITS SEXUELS ET REPRODUCTIFS DES FEMMES EN EUROPE : INQUIÉTUDES, DÉFIS ET LACUNES
     1.1 Reculs et remises en question
     1.2 Stéréotypes sexistes, normes sociales néfastes et stigmatisations
     1.3 Manque d’éducation sexuelle complète
     1.4 Insuffisances des systèmes de santé, des statistiques et des financements
     1.5 Difficultés d’accès à la contraception moderne
     1.6 Accès restreint à un avortement légal et sécurisé
     1.7 Préoccupations autour de la santé maternelle
     1.8 Discrimination intersectionnelle
     1.9 Insuffisance des voies de recours et de l’accès à la justice
CHAPITRE 2 - LA SANTÉ ET LES DROITS SEXUELS ET REPRODUCTIFS DES FEMMES DANS LES NORMES INTERNATIONALES RELATIVES AUX DROITS DE L’HOMME
     2.1 Le droit à la santé, notamment sexuelle et reproductive
     2.2 Le droit à la vie
     2.3 Le droit de ne pas être soumis à la torture ni à des mauvais traitements
     2.4 Le droit à la vie privée
     2.5 Égalité de genre et protection contre la discrimination
CHAPITRE 3 - OBLIGATIONS SPÉCIFIQUES CONCERNANT LA SANTÉ ET LES DROITS SEXUELS ET REPRODUCTIFS DES FEMMES
     3.1 Garantir une information factuelle et une éducation sexuelle complète
     3.2 Garantir la disponibilité de services de contraception modernes et abordables
     3.3 Garantir l’accès à des services d’avortement sécurisé et légal
     3.4 Préserver l’accès aux soins de santé malgré les refus de soins
     3.5 Respecter les droits des femmes lors de l’accouchement et garantir l’accès à des soins de santé maternelle de qualité
BIBLIOGRAPHIE
NOTES DE FIN

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