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ETINED –Council of Europe Platform on Ethics, Transparency and Integrity in Education -– Volume 9 – Open school data in European education systems (2025)

Education policy
Format : Paper
978-92-871-9600-2
Type of document :
Book
Format :
Paper
Language :
English
Size :
16 x 24 cm
Number of pages :
94
Muriel Poisson, Elira Jorgoni
26.00 € / 52.00 $US
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How can open school data transform education in Europe?

Open school data is an important part of the broader move towards more open government across Europe and has the potential to improve educational outcomes for learners. However, while some countries have advanced frameworks supported by strong technologies, others are still in the early stages of development, with limited access to granular data.

This report explores the implementation of open school data across states parties to the European Cultural Convention, represented in the Council of Europe’s Steering Committee for Education. Developed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s International Institute for Educational Planning in conjunction with the Council of Europe, it draws from a comprehensive desk review, an online survey sent to all states parties and in-depth interviews with selected countries on their open school data practices.

Key findings reveal several challenges: inconsistent data standards, outdated technological infrastructure, limited capacities and awareness, and resistance due to concerns over scrutiny, equity and privacy. Yet countries have developed innovative approaches. “Open by default” policies, use of artificial intelligence, application programming interface and data visualisation tools, and data literacy campaigns showcase the potential of open school data to enhance transparency and data-driven decision making in education. Recommendations focus on improving the quality of data, promoting public engagement, fostering peer learning and international collaboration and developing an open school data maturity index – all actions aimed at stronger open governance and improved learning across European education systems.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
FOREWORD
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Main findings
Main recommendations
INTRODUCTION
Purpose of the report
Methodology used
Structure of the report
CHAPTER 1 - OPEN SCHOOL DATA: DEFINITION AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
1.1. Open data and the transparency agenda
1.2. Open education data and open school data: some basic definitions
1.3. Theoretical framework: finance, management and pedagogical accountability
CHAPTER 2 - OVERVIEW OF OPEN SCHOOL DATA INITIATIVES IN STATES PARTIES TO THE EUROPEAN CULTURAL CONVENTION
2.1. Data trends and maturity
2.2. States parties featuring open school data initiatives
CHAPTER 3 - MAIN FEATURES OF OPEN SCHOOL DATA INITIATIVES IN STATES PARTIES
3.1. Awareness, actors, duration and availability
3.2. Diverse implementation of open school data
3.3. Collection and publication of open school data
3.4. Audiences, variety of data types and availability
3.5. Comparability of data
3.6. Impact of policy frameworks
3.7. Perceived risks in publishing open school data
CHAPTER 4 - FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF OPEN SCHOOL DATA INITIATIVES AND BEST PRACTICES
4.1. Policy and regulatory frameworks
4.2. Data quality and standards compliance
4.3. Tchnological infrastructure and data management
4.4. Technology evolution and other areas of innovations
4.5. Stakeholder engagement and community involvement
4.6. Impact monitoring and evaluation
CHAPTER 5 - COMMON CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF OPEN SCHOOL DATA INITIATIVES
5.1. Decentralised governance structures
5.2. Data quality and standardisation
5.3. Outdated infrastructure and technology
5.4. Limited capacities and awareness
5.5. Resistance to change
5.6. Data privacy
CHAPTER 6 - MAIN FINDINGS AND KEY TAKEAWAYS
6.1. Summary of findings
6.2. Main takeaways
6.3. Areas requiring further investigation
6.4. Forward-looking recommendations
REFERENCES
APPENDIX 1 - DESCRIPTION OF OPEN SCHOOL DATA INITIATIVES IMPLEMENTED IN 19 STATES PARTIES
APPENDIX 2 - SUMMARY OF OPEN EDUCATION DATA AND OPEN SCHOOL DATA INITIATIVES IMPLEMENTED IN STATES PARTIES
ABBREVIATIONS

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