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PDF - ETINED - Plateforme du Conseil de l’Europe sur l’éthique, la transparence et l’intégrité dans l’éducation - Volume 9 - Les données ouvertes sur l'école dans les systèmes éducatifs européens (2026)

Education policy
978-92-871-9676-7
Type of document :
Book
Format :
PDF
Language :
French
Size :
2,65 MB
Number of pages :
106
Muriel Poisson, Elira Jorgoni
13.00 € / 26.00 $US
Tax excluded
Comment les données ouvertes sur l'école peuvent-elles transformer l'éducation en Europe ?

Les données ouvertes sur l’école constituent un élément important de la dynamique générale vers une plus grande transparence des administrations publiques en Europe et peuvent contribuer à améliorer les résultats scolaires des élèves. Cependant, alors que certains pays disposent de cadres avancés soutenus par des technologies performantes, d’autres en sont encore aux premiers stades de développement et ont un accès limité à des données détaillées.

Le rapport examine la mise en œuvre des données ouvertes sur l’école dans les États parties à la Convention culturelle européenne, représentés au sein du Comité directeur de l’éducation du Conseil de l’Europe. Élaboré par l’Institut international de planification de l’éducation de l’Unesco (IIPE-Unesco) en collaboration avec le Conseil de l’Europe, il s’appuie sur une analyse documentaire exhaustive, une enquête en ligne envoyée à tous les États parties et des entretiens approfondis avec certains pays sur leurs pratiques en matière de données ouvertes sur l’école.

Les principales conclusions révèlent plusieurs défis : hétérogénéité des normes de données, infrastructures technologiques obsolètes, capacités et sensibilisation limitées, et réticences dues à des préoccupations liées au contrôle accru, à l’équité et à la confidentialité. Pourtant, certains pays ont développé des approches innovantes. Les politiques « ouvertes par défaut », l’utilisation de l’intelligence artificielle, les interfaces de programmation d’applications et les outils de visualisation des données, ainsi que les campagnes de sensibilisation aux données, montrent le potentiel des données ouvertes sur l’école pour renforcer la transparence et la prise de décision fondée sur les données dans le domaine de l’éducation.

Les recommandations portent sur l’amélioration de la qualité des données, la promotion de l’engagement du public, la favorisation de l’apprentissage entre pairs et de la collaboration internationale, et l’élaboration d’un indice de maturité des données ouvertes sur l’école – autant d’actions visant à renforcer la gouvernance ouverte et à améliorer l’apprentissage dans les systèmes éducatifs européens.
REMERCIEMENTS 
AVANT-PROPOS 
RÉSUMÉ 
Principales conclusions 
Principales recommandations 
INTRODUCTION 
Objet du rapport 
Méthodologie utilisée 
Structure du rapport 
CHAPITRE 1 – DONNÉES OUVERTES SUR L’ÉCOLE : DÉFINITIONS ET CADRE CONCEPTUEL 
1.1. Données ouvertes et stratégie en faveur de la transparence 
1.2. Données ouvertes sur l’éducation et données ouvertes sur l’école : quelques définitions de base 
1.3. Cadre théorique : financement, gestion et responsabilité pédagogique 
CHAPITRE 2 – VUE D’ENSEMBLE DES INITIATIVES DE DONNÉES OUVERTES SUR L’ÉCOLE DANS LES ÉTATS PARTIES À LA CONVENTION CULTURELLE EUROPÉENNE 
2.1. Tendances et maturité des données 
2.2. États parties présentant des initiatives de données ouvertes sur l’école 
CHAPITRE 3 – PRINCIPALES CARACTÉRISTIQUES DES INITIATIVES DE DONNÉES OUVERTES SUR L’ÉCOLE 
3.1. Sensibilisation, acteurs, durée et disponibilité 
3.2. Diversité de la mise en oeuvre des données ouvertes sur l’école 
3.3. Collecte et publication de données ouvertes sur l’école 
3.4. Publics, diversité des types de données et disponibilité 
3.5. Comparabilité des données 
3.6. Impact des cadres politiques 
3.7. Risques perçus dans la publication de données ouvertes sur l’école 
CHAPITRE 4 – FACTEURS INFLUENÇANT LE DÉVELOPPEMENT D’INITIATIVES DE DONNÉES OUVERTES SUR L’ÉCOLE ET BONNES PRATIQUES EN LA MATIÈRE 
4.1. Cadres politiques et réglementaires 
4.2. Qualité des données et conformité aux normes 
4.3. Infrastructures technologiques et gestion des données 
4.4. Évolution technologique et autres domaines d’innovation 
4.5. Engagement des parties prenantes et implication de la communauté 
4.6. Suivi et évaluation de l’impact 
CHAPITRE 5 – DÉFIS ET OBSTACLES COMMUNS À LA MISE EN ŒUVRE DES INITIATIVES DE DONNÉES OUVERTES SUR L’ÉCOLE 
5.1. Structures de gouvernance décentralisée 
5.2. Qualité des données et standardisation 
5.3. Infrastructures et technologies obsolètes 
5.4. Manque de capacités et de sensibilisation 
5.5. Résistance au changement 
5.6. Confidentialité des données 
CHAPITRE 6 – PRINCIPALES CONCLUSIONS ET POINTS À RETENIR 
6.1. Synthèse des conclusions 
6.2. Principaux points à retenir 
6.3. Pistes à explorer 
6.4. Recommandations prospectives 
RÉFÉRENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES 
ANNEXE 1 – DESCRIPTION DES INITIATIVES DE DONNÉES OUVERTES SUR L’ÉCOLE MISES EN ŒUVRE DANS 19 ÉTATS PARTIES 
ANNEXE 2 – SYNTHÈSE DES INITIATIVES DE DONNÉES OUVERTES SUR L’ÉDUCATION ET DE DONNÉES OUVERTES SUR L’ÉCOLE MISES EN ŒUVRE DANS LES ÉTATS PARTIES 
ACRONYMES ET ABRÉVIATIONS 
AU SUJET DU RAPPORT ET DES AUTEURES