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Point de vue - Point de droit : La CIA au-dessus des lois? Détentions secrètes et transferts illégaux de détenus en Europe (2008)

Points of view - Points of Law
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978-92-871-6418-6
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L'Europe serait-elle devenue un «terrain de chasse» pour des services de sécurité étrangers ? Peut-on accepter, au nom de la sécurité commune et de la lutte contre le terrorisme, que des citoyens soient kidnappés, transférés et détenus arbitrairement dans des prisons secrètes, torturés, sur simple suspicion de terrorisme et au mépris des lois internationales?L'analyse du programme HVD (High Value Detainees/Détenus de grande importance) mis en place par l'administration des USA après les attaques du 11 septembre révèle ici, au travers de deux enquêtes de l'Assemblée parlementaire, la «toile d'araignée» mondiale tissée par la CIA. Ce programme, dit de «restitutions extraordinaires», a donné lieu à des nombreuses et graves violations des droits de l'homme. Il n'a pu fonctionner que grâce à la coopération de certains Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe, pourtant liés par les conventions européennes en matière de droits de l'homme.Par ailleurs, la Commission européenne pour la démocratie par le droit apporte son expertise juridique sur les principes généraux du droit international et la responsabilité des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe qui auraient manqué, intentionnellement ou par négligence, à leurs obligations.Ce livre, émaillé de témoignages édifiants, réaffirme la position du Conseil de l'Europe selon laquelle la lutte contre le terrorisme ne peut être efficace à long terme que par l'usage de moyens qui respectent les droits de l'homme et la prééminence du droit.

Autre titre dans la série Point de vue - Point de droit
Guantánamo : une violation des droits de l'homme et du droit international? (2007)
ISBN 978-92-871-6293-9, A5, 120 pages, 13 e / 20 US$ + 10 % frais de port

Chronologie de l'action du Conseil de l'Europe

Partie 1 − Détentions secrètes et transferts de détenus en Europe
Rapports de l'Assemblée parlementaire 

 

I. Allégations de détentions secrètes et de transferts illégaux de détenus concernant des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe (premier rapport Marty)
Résumé        
Textes adoptés
Exposé des motifs
I. Les droits de l'homme: une simple option pour le beau temps?
II. La «toile d'araignée» mondiale
III. Des exemples concrets documentés de restitutions
IV. Les lieux de détention secrets
V. Détentions secrètes en République tchétchène
VI. L'attitude des gouvernements
VII. Cas individuels: procédures judiciaires en cours
VIII. Les enquêtes parlementaires
IX. L'engagement contre le terrorisme
XI. Conclusion
Annexes

II. Détentions secrètes et transferts illégaux de détenus impliquant des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe (second rapport Marty) 
Résumé
Textes adoptés
Exposé des motifs
Remarques introductives: aperçu
I. La «dynamique de la vérité»
II. Les détentions secrètes dans des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe
III. Les opérations de détention secrète en Pologne
IV. Les opérations de détention secrète en Roumanie
V. Les violations des droits de l'homme liées au programme de détentions secrètes de la CIA
VI. Secret et dissimulation: comment les Etats-Unis et ses partenaires européens éludent toute responsabilité pour les opérations clandestines de la CIA
VII. Détentions secrètes et «restitutions»: une érosion contagieuse du respect des droits de l'homme à l'échelle mondiale
VIII. La nécessité de trouver des solutions de consensus pour mettre en oeuvre le programme HVD tout en assurant le respect des droits de l'homme
Annexes
Addendum au rapport
1. Avis divergent de la délégation de la Pologne à l'Assemblée parlementaire
2. Avis divergent de la délégation de la Roumanie à l'Assemblée parlementaire

 

 

Partie 2 − Les obligations légales internationales des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe concernant les lieux de détention secrets et le transport interétatique de prisonniers
Avis de la Commission européenne pour la démocratie par le droit (Commission de Venise)

Introduction
I. Le régime juridique
A. Principes généraux
B. Droit international des droits de l'homme
C. Droit humanitaire international
D. Principes généraux de l'aviation civile
E. Bases militaires
F. Article V du Traité de l'OTAN 

 

II. Les obligations légales internationales des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe
A. Obligations des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe relatives aux arrestations effectuées sur leur territoire par des autorités étrangères
B. Obligations des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe à l'égard des lieux de détention secrets allégués
C. Obligations des Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe à l'égard des transferts de prisonniers entre Etats
Conclusions 

 

 

 

 

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