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Guantánamo: une violation des droits de l'homme et du droit international? (2007)

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Quels sont les droits des personnes détenues par les Etats-Unis sur la base de Guantánamo Bay? Quelle est la légalité de leur détention? Faut-il s'interroger sur un développement des conventions de Genève et une évolution du droit international ?L'Assemblée parlementaire, et à travers elle les 47 Etats membres du Conseil de l'Europe, a parlé d'une seule voix, dénonçant la violation flagrante des droits de l'homme et demandant la fermeture du centre de détention de Guantánamo.Ce livre présente l'ensemble des arguments exposés par l'Assemblée, ainsi que l'étude de la Commission de Venise, qui apporte son expertise juridique quant à la légalité de la détention de personnes par les Etats-Unis à Guantánamo Bay et à la nécessité d'un développement éventuel du droit international.

Partie 1:
La détention de personnes par les Etats-Unis à Guantanamo Bay
Rapports de I'Assemblée parlementaire

I.       Droits des personnes détenues par les Etats-Unis en Afghanistan et sur la base de Guantanamo Bay  
Résumé
Texte adopté: Résolution 1340 (2003)
Exposé des motifs
A.   Introduction
B.   Statut et régime juridique
C.   Tribunal militaire
D.  Conditions de transfert et de détention
E.   Conclusions et recommandations

II.      Légalité de la détention de personnes par les Etats-Unis à Guantanamo Bay
Résumé
Textes adoptés
A.   Résolution 1433 (2005)
B.   Recommandation 1699 (2005) de I'Assemblée parlementaire au Comité des Ministres et réponse de celui-ci
Exposé des motifs
A.   Introduction
B.   Contexte
C.   Le cadre juridique applicable
D.  Respect par les Etats-Unis des obligations que leur impose le droit international
E.   Conclusions et recommandations
Annexe I - Questionnaire adresse aux délégations nationales
Annexe II - Réponses des délégations nationales au questionnaire

Partie 2:
La nécessité éventuelle d'un développement des Conventions de Genève
Avis de la Commission européenne pour la démocratie par le droit (Commission de Venise)

I. Introduction

II. Portée de l'avis

III. Différents groupes de personnes susceptibles d'être concernées

IV.     Applicabilité du droit international humanitaire
A.   Nature du conflit armé
B.   Catégories de personnes concernées

V.      Applicabilité des traites relatifs aux droits de l'homme

VI.     Droits et protection garantis par les Conventions de Genève et les droits de I'homme
A.   Relation entre le droit international humanitaire et les droits de I'homme
B.   Droits et protection conférés par le droit international humanitaire
C.  Droits et protection conférés par le droit international des droits de I'homme

VII.    Conclusion

Annexe

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