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PDF - L’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant – Un dialogue entre théorie et pratique (2017)

Children's rights and family law
978-92-871-8553-2
Type of document :
Book
Format :
PDF
Language :
French
Size :
1,15 MB
Number of pages :
172
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Que signifie le concept de l'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant dans la pratique? Comment devrait-il être interprété et appliqué? Cette publication éclaire différents aspects de ce concept.

Le principe d’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant, tel qu’énoncé à l’article 3, paragraphe 1, de la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant (CIDE) des Nations Unies fait l’objet de moult débats et controverses parmi les décideurs politiques, les spécialistes et les professionnels. Essentiel pour la jouissance effective des droits de l’enfant, il demeure difficile à définir, à interpréter et à appliquer. Les autorités belges et le Conseil de l’Europe ont organisé, les 9 et 10 décembre 2014, une conférence intitulée « L’intérêt supérieur
de l’enfant : un dialogue entre théorie et pratique » pour favoriser l’échange de savoirs entre les acteurs dont les décisions influent sur la vie des enfants et afin de mieux appréhender le principe d’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant.

Ce recueil de 21 points de vue présentés lors de la conférence est divisé en quatre chapitres, dont le premier est consacré à des considérations d’ordre général, le deuxième à l’évaluation, la détermination et le suivi de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant, le troisième à l’application de ce principe dans divers contextes et le dernier à l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant dans les affaires familiales. Tous les auteurs s’accordent à reconnaître qu’il n’existe pas de définition exhaustive de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant et que l’imprécision d’une telle notion rend difficile son application. Aussi certains suggèrent-ils de l’invoquer uniquement lorsque cela s’avère nécessaire, opportun et réalisable pour promouvoir les droits de l’enfant. D’autres considèrent que la souplesse du principe en fait justement son atout. Par sa diversité d’éclairages, d’interprétations et d’analyses, cet ouvrage contribue à mieux appréhender la notion d’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant, point de départ pour renforcer et protéger les droits de l’enfant en général.

INTRODUCTION
CHAPITRE 1 – LA NOTION D’INTÉRÊT SUPÉRIEUR DE L’ENFANT : RÉFLEXIONS GÉNÉRALES
Présentation de l’Observation générale no 14 : forces et limites, les points de consensus et de dissension apparus dans son élaboration – Jorge Cardona Llorens
La notion d’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant : qu’ajoute-t-elle aux droits fondamentaux des enfants ? – Nigel Cantwell
Interprétation et application de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant : principaux défis – Olga Khazova
L’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant et le droit d’être entendu – Gerison Lansdown
Alpha ursae minoris – L’étoile polaire et l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant parmi les intérêts concurrents – Jacques Fierens
L’intérêt supérieur des enfants : une discussion sur les tensions fréquemment rencontrées – Eveline van Hooijdonk
CHAPITRE 2 – ÉVALUATION, DÉTERMINATION ET SUIVI DE L’INTÉRÊT SUPÉRIEUR
Détermination de l’intérêt supérieur des enfants marginalisés au moyen d’une participation active – Urszula Markowska-Manista
Comment évaluer et déterminer l’intérêt supérieur des enfants sous l’angle de leur développement et de leur éducation – Margrite Kalverboer
L’évaluation de l’intérêt supérieur des enfants réfugiés à leur arrivée dans un pays – Carla van Os
Le suivi des décisions relatives à l’intérêt supérieur – Les systèmes conçus pour le suivi des décisions de renvoi peuvent-ils servir d’inspiration dans d’autres domaines ? – Hanne Op de Beeck
CHAPITRE 3 – L’INTÉRÊT SUPÉRIEUR DE L’ENFANT DANS DIVERS CONTEXTES
La notion d’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant dans l’action du Conseil de l’Europe – Regína Jensdóttir
Le concept d’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant dans les travaux de l’Union européenne – Margaret Tuite
Le concept d’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant du point de vue d’un praticien – Tam Baillie
Quel est l’apport des enfants et des jeunes dans la mise en oeuvre de leur intérêt supérieur ? – Johanna Nyman
Balises éthiques et cadre déontologique pour une décision respectueuse de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant. Le point de vue d’un défenseur d’enfants – Bernard De Vos
L’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant et les difficultés auxquelles est confrontée la société civile – Jana Hainsworth
CHAPITRE 4 – L’INTÉRÊT SUPÉRIEUR DE L’ENFANT DANS LES AFFAIRES FAMILIALES
Jurisprudence de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme concernant le principe de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant dans les affaires familiales – Aida Grgić
Comment garantir que l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant est une considération primordiale dans l’action sociale ? – Cristina Martins
L’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant dans les décisions de retrait d’un enfant – Une perspective parlementaire – Valeriu Ghileţchi
Regards d’enfants sur l’incarcération : mise en place d’un groupe d’expression d’enfants de parents ou proches incarcérés – Astrid Hirschelmann
L’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant et le droit à la connaissance de ses origines – Géraldine Mathieu
Conclusion
ANNEXES
Annexe I – Discours présentés lors de la Conférence européenne sur l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant – Un dialogue entre théorie et pratique (Bruxelles, 9-10 décembre 2014)
Discours de Koen Geens, ministre de la Justice, Belgique
Discours de Sven Gatz, ministre flamand de la Culture, des Médias, de la Jeunesse et des Affaires bruxelloises, Belgique
Discours de Rudy Demotte, ministre-président en charge de la coordination de la politique du gouvernement de la Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles relative à la réalisation des droits de l’enfant, Belgique
Discours de Torbjørn Frøysnes, ambassadeur, chef du Bureau de liaison du Conseil de l’Europe auprès de l’Union européenne
Annexe II – Conclusions de la Conférence européenne sur l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant dans le cadre de la célébration du 25e anniversaire de la Convention des Nations Unies relative aux droits de l’enfant (Bruxelles, 9-10 décembre 2014)
Annexe III – Résumés analytiques des articles

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