PDF - Handbook on European law relating to access to justice (2017 edition) (2017)

Contents
FOREWORD
PROMISING PRACTICES
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
HOW TO USE THIS HANDBOOK
1 WHAT DOES ACCESS TO JUSTICE MEAN?
   Key points
2 A FAIR AND PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE AN INDEPENDENT AND IMPARTIAL TRIBUNAL AND OTHER BODIES
   2.1. Accessing justice through courts
   Key points
          2.1.1. Right of access to a court
          2.1.2. Definition of ‘tribunal’
   2.2. Independence and impartiality of tribunals
   Key points
   2.3. What is a fair and public hearing?
   Key points
          2.3.1. A fair hearing
          2.3.2. A public hearing
   2.4. Other paths to justice
   Key points
          2.4.1. Non-judicial bodies
          2.4.2. Alternative dispute resolution
3 LEGAL AID
   3.1. Legal aid in non-criminal proceedings
   Key points
          3.1.1. Scope of application
          3.1.2. Financial and merit tests
   3.2. Legal aid in criminal proceedings
   Key points
          3.2.1. Scope of application
          3.2.2. Financial means test
          3.2.3. Interests of justice test
4 RIGHT TO BE ADVISED, DEFENDED AND REPRESENTED
   4.1. Right to be advised, defended and represented in noncriminal proceedings
   Key points
          4.1.1. Scope of application
          4.1.2. Practical and effective legal assistance
   4.2. Right to be advised, defended and represented in criminal proceedings
   Key points
          4.2.1. Scope of application
          4.2.2. Quality of legal assistance
          4.2.3. Legal assistance of one’s own choosing
          4.2.4. Adequate time and facilities to prepare one’s defence
          4.2.5. Waiver
   4.3. Right to self-representation
   Key points
5 RIGHT TO AN EFFECTIVE REMEDY
   5.1. What is an effective remedy?
   Key points
          5.1.1. Substantive and procedural requirements of an effective remedy
          5.1.2. Institutional requirements of an effective remedy
   5.2. Examples of specific remedies
   Key points
          5.2.1. Compensation
          5.2.2. Specific performance
          5.2.3. Injunctions
6 LIMITATIONS ON ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN GENERAL
   6.1. Legitimate aim and proportionality
   Key points
   6.2. Examples of restrictions before a final judgment or decision
   Key points
          6.2.1. Court fees
          6.2.2. Excessive formalism
          6.2.3. Evidence barriers
   6.3. Delay in the execution of final judgments
   Key points
7 LIMITATIONS ON ACCESS TO JUSTICE: LENGTH OF PROCEEDINGS
   7.1. Determining the length of proceedings
   Key points
          7.1.1. Determining the length of non-criminal proceedings
          7.1.2. Determining the length of criminal proceedings
   7.2. Criteria determining the reasonableness of the length of proceedings
   Key points
          7.2.1. Complexity of the case
          7.2.2. Conduct of the complainant
          7.2.3. Conduct of the domestic authorities
          7.2.4. What is at stake for the complainant
   7.3. Remedies for excessively lengthy proceedings
8 ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN SELECT FOCUS AREAS
   8.1. Persons with disabilities
   Key points
          8.1.1. Access to justice
          8.1.2. Capacity
   8.2. Victims of crime
   Key points
   8.3. Prisoners and pre-trial detainees
   Key points
          8.3.1. Access to a court and a lawyer
          8.3.2. Right to challenge a deprivation of liberty
          8.3.3. Compensation for unlawful detention
   8.4. Environmental law
   Key points
   8.5. E-justice
   Key points
FURTHER READING
CASE LAW
INDEX